Vietnam
Vietnam was the site of a protracted U.S. military involvement (1955-1975) that produced veterans and intelligence networks appearing throughout this vault's coverage of Nugan Hand Bank, drug trafficking, and Iran-Contra-era covert operations.
Vietnam was the site of a protracted conflict involving the United States and other international powers. Several individuals who served there later became involved in covert operations and intelligence activities, and the U.S. military alliance with Nicaragua's Somoza dynasty - which contributed troops to Vietnam - later facilitated the creation of the Contra army.12
Notable Veterans
Michael Hand, co-founder of Nugan Hand Bank, was a highly decorated Special Forces Green Beret soldier in Vietnam. After his first stint in Vietnam, Hand moved to the clandestine CIA war in Laos.1
Bo Gritz was also a highly decorated Green Beret in Vietnam. Both Gritz and Hand had special knowledge of intelligence operations in the Golden Triangle.1
Robert Booth Nichols was reportedly in Vietnam, working for a wealthy U.S. businessman in the private sector.1
Somoza's Military Support
Anastasio Somoza sent Nicaraguan troops to fight in Vietnam as part of his military alliance with the United States. Somoza boasted of his contributions to American foreign policy: "In 1965 he'd sent troops into the Dominican Republic to help the United States quell another leftist uprising. Hell, he'd even sent Nicaraguans off to fight in Vietnam." He also reminded Ambassador Lawrence Pezzullo that when the CIA needed a base for the Bay of Pigs, he provided it. Somoza cited these contributions when pleading with Pezzullo not to abandon his National Guard, framing them as evidence of the shared investment between his regime and the U.S. government. He argued that the National Guard officers trained at Fort Gulick, Fort Benning, and Fort Leavenworth were products of American military education.2
Sources
Named without a link 2
Local network
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An interactive diagram of Vietnam's connections, drawn on a canvas and explored with a pointer. The same connections are listed as links in the Connected and Mentioned-in sections below.
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Mentioned in 83
- Organization4th Psychological Operations Group
- Organization7th Psychological Operations Group
- OrganizationAir America
- PersonAlvin Ash
- PersonAnastasio Somoza
- PersonAnthony Russo
- PersonArt Carduner
- OrganizationBandbox Theater
- PersonBen Barnes
- OrganizationBlack Cultural Association
- PersonBo Gritz
- ProgramChieu Hoi
- EventCIA Family Jewels
- PersonClark Clifford
- ConceptCold War
- PersonColston Westbrook
- ConceptCrack Cocaine
- PlaceDominican Republic
- PersonDonald Gregg
- PersonEarl Brian
- PersonEdward Lansdale
- PersonEmmett O'Brien
- PersonEugene Lessman
- PersonEugene Tighe
- PersonFrank Teruggi
- EventFranklin Credit Union Scandal
- OrganizationFull Gospel Business Men's Fellowship International
- PersonGary Glitter
- PersonGeneral Rios Montt
- PersonGeorge R. Wackenhut
- PlaceGolden Triangle
- EventGulf of Tonkin Incident
- PersonHenry A. Kissinger
- MiscIn the Year of the Pig
- PersonIsabelle Pettie
- PersonJames L. Dozier
- PersonJim Channon
- PersonJoe McMoneagle
- PersonJohn B. Alexander
- PersonJohn Carrette
- PersonJohn DeCamp
- PersonJohn Foster Dulles
- PersonJohn H. Stitcher Jr.
- PersonJohn Lilly
- PersonJohn McCone
- PersonKerry Thornley
- PersonKonrad Kellen
- PlaceLaos
- PersonLeo Goldstein
- PersonLeon Goure
- OrganizationLippoBank
- PersonMarion Pettie
- PersonMartin Luther King Jr
- PersonMichael Hand
- PlaceNicaragua
- ConceptNSC-68
- OrganizationNugan Hand Bank
- ProgramOperation Tintinnabulation
- OrganizationPacific Architects and Engineers
- OrganizationPeople's Temple
- OrganizationPhiladelphia Department of Licenses and Inspections
- ProgramPhoenix Program
- OrganizationPresident's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board
- ProgramProject Agile
- ProgramProject Camelot
- OrganizationRand Corporation
- PersonRichard Armitage
- PersonRichard G. Stilwell
- PersonRichard Secord
- PersonRonald Lister
- PersonRoss Perot
- PersonScott Weekly
- PlaceSt. Croix
- PersonTed Shackley
- OrganizationThe Finders
- OrganizationUnited Nations
- OrganizationUnited States Army Special Forces
- OrganizationUSARIBSS
- EventVietnam War
- ProgramWandering Souls
- PersonWilliam Colby
- PersonWilliam N. Dale
- OrganizationWorld Vision