The following borrows or copies heavily from [greydynamics.com](https://greydynamics.com/isa-soldier-spies-of-the-intelligence-support-activity/) and their explainer of the ISA.
The Intelligence Support Activity (ISA) is a covert [[U.S. Army]] unit providing intelligence for [[Joint Special Operations Command]] (JSOC) operations. Its current official name is classified. All records are classified under a [[Special Access Programs]] originally named OPTIMIZE TALENT.
## Known Designations
- 1st Capabilities Integration Group (Airborne)
- Task Force Orange
- [[GRAY FOX]]
- Army of Northern Virginia
- Office of Military Support
- CENTRA SPIKE
- Torn Victor
- INTREPID SPEAR
## Function and Doctrine
ISA specializes in clandestine intelligence gathering and operational support, focusing on HUMINT and SIGINT. Unlike combat-focused JSOC units, ISA conducts intelligence and espionage operations at a tactical level. It prepares the battlespace for military operations globally, primarily enabling JSOC special mission units.
### Key Activities
- HUMINT collection through coercion and interrogation
- SIGINT gathering via communication interception and physical bugging
- Direct action missions when necessary
## Organizational Structure
- Comprises 5 primary elements: administration, training, SIGINT, HUMINT, and direct action
- Four primary battalions with over 300 operators
- Includes cyber ops teams, technology ops teams, and mission support teams
### Known Squadrons
1. Operations Squadron (HUMINT/Ground Squadron)
- Four troops: A, B, C, D
- A and C troops use official cover
- B and D troops use non-official cover
2. SIGINT Squadron
3. Mission Support Squadron
Headquarters located at Fort Belvoir, VA; squadrons scattered across Maryland/D.C./Virginia area.
## Connections to Other Organizations
- Operates as a tactical arm of the [[NSA|National Security Agency]] (NSA)
- Works closely with JSOC, SOCOM, and other intelligence agencies
- Collaborates with [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]], including cross-training of personnel
## Selection and Training
- Recruits primarily from Green Berets and other military branches
- Emphasizes language skills and ability to blend with locals
- Training includes:
- Infiltration techniques
- Advanced air operations
- Offensive and off-road driving
- Personal defensive measures
- Communications
- Espionage methods
- Cross-trains with CIA at "The Farm" in Virginia
## Notable Operations
1. Operation Winter Harvest (Italy, 1980s)
- Rescue of U.S. Brigadier General James Dozier from Red Brigades
2. Operation Queens Hunter (El Salvador)
- Extended SIGINT operations against guerrillas
3. Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda
- Provided critical SIGINT support during Battle of Takur Ghar
- Called [[GRAY FOX]] during this period
4. Iraq: Operation Red Dawn
- Contributed to the capture of Saddam Hussein
5. Colombia: Centra Spike
- SIGINT operations in hunt for Pablo Escobar
6. Raid on Osama bin Laden
- SIGINT prior to and during the bin Laden raid
## Equipment and Tactics
- Weapons vary based on mission, often using local arms for cover
- Utilizes advanced SIGINT and surveillance technology
- "Confederate Air Force": Fleet of 40 ISR aircraft across 15 types
- Mastery of tradecraft, including disguises and covert entry
## History
- 1965: Department of Defense outlines need for military intelligence operations
- 1979: Field Operations Group (FOG) conducts covert survey in Nicaragua
- 1981: Officially established as ISA
- Expanded role following Operation Eagle Claw (attempt to rescue hostages in Tehran) failure
- 2003: Organization was transferred to [[Joint Special Operations Command]]
## Unusual Information
- Members are on the [[Department of the Army's Special Roster]] (DASR), effectively making them "non-existent"
- Can remotely activate turned-off cell phones for surveillance
- Operatives sometimes work in male-female teams, posing as married couples for deep cover operations